Causes of Autism in Adults

Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction. It is usually diagnosed in early childhood, but there are cases where adults are diagnosed with autism.

In this article, we will discuss the causes of autism in adults, the risk factors involved, and the available treatment options.

What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder that affects the brain's functioning and leads to difficulties in communication, social interaction, and behavior. The disorder is called a spectrum disorder because the severity of the symptoms varies from person to person.

People with autism may have difficulty with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. They may also have sensory issues and struggle with changes in routine or environment.

Causes of Autism in Adults

The exact cause of autism is unknown, but research suggests that it is a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Here are some possible causes of autism in adults:

Genetic Factors

Studies have shown that autism is strongly linked to genetics.

If a family member has autism, there is a higher chance of other family members having the disorder. It is estimated that genetics account for about 90% of the risk of developing autism.

Environmental Factors

Environmental factors such as exposure to toxins, viruses, and pollutants during pregnancy have been linked to an increased risk of autism.

Other factors that have been associated with autism include maternal stress during pregnancy, complications during birth, and advanced parental age.

Brain Development

Autism is also believed to be caused by abnormal brain development. Researchers have found that individuals with autism have differences in brain structure, function, and connectivity.

These differences may be due to disruptions in brain development during pregnancy or early childhood.

Other Risk Factors

Other risk factors for autism include being male, having a sibling with autism, and having certain genetic conditions such as Fragile X syndrome or tuberous sclerosis.

Symptoms of Autism in Adults

The symptoms of autism in adults can vary depending on the severity of the disorder. Some common symptoms of autism in adults include:

• Difficulty with social interaction and communication
• Repetitive behaviors and routines
• Difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication
• Sensory issues
• Difficulty with changes in routine or environment
• Difficulty with empathy and understanding others' perspectives

Treatment Options for Autism in Adults

There is no cure for autism, but early intervention and treatment can improve the symptoms and quality of life for individuals with the disorder. Treatment options for autism in adults include:

Behavioral Therapy

Behavioral therapy, also known as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), is a commonly used treatment for autism. It focuses on teaching new behaviors and reinforcing positive behaviors while reducing negative behaviors.

Medication

Medication can be used to treat specific symptoms of autism such as anxiety, depression, or obsessive-compulsive behaviors. However, medication should be used in combination with other therapies for best results.

Supportive Services

Supportive services such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy can help individuals with autism improve their communication and daily living skills.

Conclusion

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction. The exact cause of autism is unknown, but research suggests that it is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Symptoms of autism in adults can vary depending on the severity of the disorder, and treatment options include behavioral therapy, medication, and supportive services. With early intervention and treatment, individuals with autism can improve their symptoms and quality of life.